Kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob tau kwv yees li peb theem ntawm kev txhim kho: cov tshuaj ancient empirical, cov tshuaj niaj hnub sim thiab niaj hnub science thiab cov tshuaj siv tshuab.
Txog tam sim no, cov cuab yeej muag muag xws li khaub ncaws phais thiab hnav khaub ncaws tau dhau los ntawm 1.0 thiab 2.0 era thiab nkag mus rau 3.0 era.
"Ib nyuag keeb kwm ntawm Prehistory"
Ua ntej xyoo pua 20th, tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, thiab cov kws phais neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, hnab looj tes, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Cov neeg mob tseem tsis tau hnav khaub ncaws los npog lawv lub cev thaum phais, yog li kev phais mob feem ntau tshwm sim, thiab 80 feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob tuag thaum lossis tom qab phais.
Nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic hauv cov txheej txheem phais, cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob yuav luag zoo li cov neeg thaum ub, nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm streaking.
Thawj cov khaub ncaws phais tau siv nyob rau hauv lub lig 19th thiab ntxov 20th centuries, ib yam li tib neeg tau pib hnav khaub ncaws thiab nkag mus rau kev vam meej.
Soft instrument 1.0 era - paj rwb
Niaj hnub nimno tshuaj pib nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th.
Hauv xyoo 1940, nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tswj kev kis kab mob, cov khaub ncaws phais thiab cov ntawv phais thiab lwm yam khoom siv phais mos tau maj mam siv.
Txog rau xyoo 1970, cov khaub ncaws phais thiab hnav khaub ncaws tau ua los ntawm cov paj rwb textiles nrog cov qauv xoob thiab nkag tau yooj yim, nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kev poob ntawm flocculation thiab lwm yam tsis muaj zog, uas tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob nkag mus thiab yooj yim ua rau incision incision. Yog li, 93/42 EWG 1993, 2007 cov kev cai tawm hauv Tebchaws Europe txwv tsis pub siv cov paj rwb hauv cov chaw phais.
Soft instruments 2.0 era - non-woven material
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub tsis-woven, txhawb kev tshwm sim ntawm cov khaub ncaws phais tshiab - cov khaub ncaws phais pov tseg, cov khaub ncaws phais no muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo, huab cua permeability thiab lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv, yog li los ntawm ntau tus kws kho mob nyiam, tuav ib feem ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, cov khaub ncaws phais pov tseg tau pib nyob hauv Asmeskas kev lag luam rau nws cov kev tiv thaiv siab thiab cov khoom siv zog. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov ris tsho phais pov tseg siv hauv Asmeskas kev ua lag luam nyob rau xyoo pua 21st thaum ntxov. 70 feem pua, thiab ze li 30 feem pua hauv Europe.
Qhov txiaj ntsig loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm thiab cov ntawv ua haujlwm yog tias lawv tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxhua thiab yuav tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ntxuav, yog li kev tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo yog qhov ruaj khov, tab sis qhov no kuj dhau los ua ib qho ntawm nws qhov tsis zoo, vim tias nws tau muab pov tseg tom qab. siv, ua rau cov khoom pov tseg loj thiab ib puag ncig muaj kuab lom.
Soft instrument 3.0 era - ntev fiber ntau polyester fiber ntau
Nyob rau xyoo 1980, nrog rau kev txhim kho kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, cov ntaub paj rwb thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg uas tsis yog-woven muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv kev siv, thiab cov tsev kho mob xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab muaj zog ruaj khov ua haujlwm -- cov khoom siv rov ua haujlwm tshiab.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab raws li polyester fiber tshwm.
Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, cov khoom siv sib xyaw tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho thiab tsim cov khaub ncaws phais hauv cov tuam txhab European thiab Asmeskas. Hauv Suav teb, cov ris tsho paj rwb tseem siv rau hauv kev phais feem ntau, tshwj tsis yog qee qhov kev phais mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas cov kws kho mob hauv tsev pom tau tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov khaub ncaws phais yog qhov mob hnyav ua pa nyuaj (SARS) kev kis mob hauv xyoo 2003.
